Home  ›  First Black Family to Move in Flushing Hillcrest , Queens N.y. 11366

First Black Family to Move in Flushing Hillcrest , Queens N.y. 11366

Written By Thursday, March 3, 2022 Add Comment Edit

Neighborhood of Queens in New York Metropolis

Fresh Meadows

Neighborhood of Queens
St. Francis Preparatory School

St. Francis Preparatory School

Location inside New York Metropolis
Coordinates: 40°44′06″N 73°46′48″W  /  xl.735°N 73.78°Westward  / 40.735; -73.78 Coordinates: 40°44′06″N 73°46′48″W  /  40.735°N 73.78°West  / 40.735; -73.78
Country U.s.
State New York
Urban center New York Urban center
County/Civic Queens
Community District Queens 8[1]
Population

[2]

 • Gauge

(2010)

 17,812
Based on 2010 U.S. Census figures; excludes Hillcrest
Ethnicity

[3]

 • Asian 47.1%
 • White 32.9%
 • Hispanic ix.9%
 • Black 7.6%
 • Other/Multiracial 2.5%
Economic science

[4]

 • Median income $64,005
Time zone UTC−5 (EST)
 • Summer (DST) UTC−iv (EDT)
Nothing Codes

11365, 11366
Area codes 718, 347, 929, and 917

Fresh Meadows is a neighborhood in the northeastern department of the New York City borough of Queens. Fresh Meadows used to be role of the broader boondocks of Flushing and is bordered to the north by the Horace Harding Expressway; to the west by Pomonok, St. John'due south University and the sub-neighborhoods of Hillcrest and Utopia; to the due east past Cunningham Park and the Clearview Superhighway; and to the s by the Grand Central Parkway.

Fresh Meadows is located in Queens Community District viii and its Null Codes are 11365 and 11366.[i] It is patrolled by the New York Urban center Constabulary Department's 107th Precinct.[five] Politically, Fresh Meadows is represented by the New York Metropolis Council'southward 23rd and 24th Districts.[half dozen]

History [edit]

Early history [edit]

The name "Fresh Meadows" dates back to before the American Revolution. Fresh Meadows was office of the Town of Flushing, which had large areas of salt meadows, such equally the original "Flushing Meadows". The wetlands in the hilly footing south and east of the village of Flushing, nonetheless, were fed by freshwater springs, and thus were "fresh meadows". Fresh Meadows Road (which today follows the same route under a number of names, including Fresh Meadows Lane and part of Utopia Parkway) traversed the expanse, and served as the road from the landing place at Whitestone to the village of Jamaica. In The Evening Post in 1805, farm possessor James Smith advertised the sale of his 60-acre farm "on the road to Fresh Meadows and Flushing".[seven]

During the American Revolution, British troops marched through the surface area.[viii] General Benedict Arnold and his troops stayed at farms along was the fashion.[9] General Arnold drilled his troops in the area, on the current location of M.S. 216. In guild to assist motility military supplies from British ships using the Whitestone Landing, and the troops encamped further eastward, a new road was built to connect the Fresh Meadows Road with Hempstead. This route began at what is now the intersection of Utopia Parkway and 73rd Avenue, near a local landmark along the Fresh Meadows Route: the remnants of a big tree that had burned later being struck by lightning, and that was known as the "Black Stump". The road took its name from this feature, and was called "Black Stump Road."[ten] [11] [12]

During the 19th century, a farming community known as Black Stump developed in the expanse. The Black Stump School was built earlier 1871.[13] The schoolhouse was expanded in 1900, and a second story was added in 1905.[14] [15] The remains of the Black Stump Schoolhouse were demolished in 1941 in club to build present-24-hour interval Utopia Playground, located at 73rd Artery and Utopia Parkway.[16] [17]

For several years, the woods of Black Stump were rumored to be haunted because people heard strange sounds coming from the wood.[18] In 1908, the mysterious sounds were discovered to be coming from a recluse who lived in a minor hut and sang Irish folk songs at nighttime.[eighteen]

Parsons Nurseries and Kissena Park [edit]

For further details nearly the park itself, see Kissena Park.

In 1868, Samuel Parsons opened Parsons Nurseries, one of the primeval commercial gardens, well-nigh what is at present Fresh Meadows Lane.[9] With help of a team of collectors, Parsons Nurseries plant exotic trees and shrubs to import into the U.s.a., and its advertisements filled gardening magazines with depictions of these exotic plants.[19] [20] During the late 1880s, Parsons Nurseries was importing x,000 Japanese maples into the United States each year with assistance from Swiss immigrant John R. Trumpy.[19] Parsons Nurseries also was the first to introduce the California privet in the United States from Nihon.[21] Samuel Parsons' children, Samuel Bowne Parsons and Robert Bowne Parsons, later on took over running the nursery. In 1886, Samuel Bowne Parsons helped renew the plantations of Primal Park while serving as Superintendent of Parks.[22]

Samuel Bowne Parsons gave the lake on his property the name "kissena", which he idea was the Chippewa word for "it is cold".[23] Kissena Lake was initially used as a mill pond.[24] Parsons after used the lake for ice cutting, where surface ice from lakes and rivers is collected and stored in ice houses and use or auction as a cooling method earlier mechanical refrigeration was available.[23] The lake was also a habitat for wood duck through the 1900s.[25] Just east of the lake was a water pumping station.[26]

Past 1898, Samuel Bowne Parsons' son, George H. Parsons, had taken over as superintendent of Parsons Nurseries.[27] Later on that yr, George was found in the lavatory past his father; he had died of eye failure.[27] Parsons Nurseries closed in 1901,[28] and Samuel Bowne Parsons died in 1906.[29] Two existent estate developers, John W. Paris and Edward McDougal, bought almost of the Parsons state, then congenital big houses as role of the "Kissena Park" residential development.[29] New York City bought the rest of the Parsons land and a few other land parcels to create Kissena Park.[23] [30] A 14-acre (5.vii ha) tract of Parsons' exotic specimens was preserved in the modernistic-twenty-four hour period park and is now the Historic Grove.[31] : 3

Fresh Meadow Country Order [edit]

In 1921, Park Slope resident Benjamin C. Ribman and others from the Unity Club of Brooklyn were looking to build a golf game course.[32] [8] The group chose the intersection of Fresh Meadow Lane and Nassau Boulevard as the site, considering the state was suitable for golf and roads provided accessibility to other parts of the metropolis.[8] The 106 acres of state were purchased in late 1921, and another 26 acres were purchased the next year.[33] [34] A. West. Tillinghast designed the golf course.[33]

Originally, the name was to be the Woodland.[35] After the Brooklyn Daily Hawkeye pointed out that in that location was already a golf course name Woodland in Boston, the founders decided to name the course Fresh Meadow Country Social club.[35] The name came from an surface area northeast of Flushing even though the golf form was actually located southeast of Flushing, just s of what is presently the Long Isle Expressway almost 183rd Street.[36]

Fresh Meadow Country Club opened on May 30, 1922.[37] [38] [36] At the golf course'due south dedication, the starting time round of golf was played by erstwhile NCAA golf game champion Jesse Sweetser and club professional person Willie Anderson.[37] Sweetser won by two strokes.[37] People in omnipresence included New York State Supreme Courtroom Justices Mitchell May, Edward Lazansky, and Harry Lewis, and Borough President Maurice E. Connolly.[37]

The clubhouse opened on September 8, 1923.[32] Nine days afterwards, the clubhouse burned to the ground from an explosion of a boiler.[32] Firefighters from Flushing, Bayside, and Black Stump arrived but they were unable to relieve the clubhouse, in function because the nearest fire hydrant was a half-mile away, but they were able to cease the burn before it consumed an adjoining locker building and a two-story dormitory building.[32] [39]

The PGA Title was held at Fresh Meadow State Club in 1930,[40] and the U.Southward. Open was held at the course in 1932.[41] In 1937, the golf course hosted a clemency game between John Montague, Infant Ruth, Baby Didrikson, and Sylvania Annenberg,[42] a game that was watched past 10,000 fans, some of whom rushed the golf course and left Babe Ruth'due south shirt in tatters.[43]

Fresh Meadows housing and retail development [edit]

In February 1946, the golf course's land was sold to New York Life Insurance Visitor for $one,075,000, equivalent to $fourteen,300,000 in 2020, in order to build a housing complex on the land.[44] [45] The Gross-Morton Company had also fabricated an offering to purchase the state, but it was non accustomed.[45] The New York Life Insurance Company chose Ralph Thomas Walker every bit the primary designer, and it signed a contract with the George A. Fuller Company, which had congenital the Apartment Iron Edifice, to construct the flat buildings.[46] Construction cost the New York Life Insurance Company $35,000,000, equivalent to $464,000,000 in 2020.[47]

New York Life Insurance Visitor donated land on 69th Avenue at 195th Street to the city so it could build a school.[48] In 1947, the New York City Board of Educational activity awarded contracts of over $1,800,000, equivalent to $20,900,000 in 2020, to construct P.South. 26, an elementary schoolhouse with a capacity of i,494 students.[48] On April 21, 1947, ground was broken for the school'due south construction.[49] The school, P.S. 26, too known as the Rufus King School, opened in February 1949.[fifty] P.S. 173 opened soon afterwards, in September 1949, at 69th Avenue and Fresh Meadows Lane.[50] P.Southward. 173 was originally supposed to exist built on the site of Utopia Playground one block west, merely the school had been relocated due to opposition from Robert Moses, the New York City parks commissioner.[51] [52]

The first xx families moved into the Fresh Meadows Housing Development on September 2, 1947.[53] As a result of housing segregation, New York Life Insurance Visitor did not allow blackness individuals to live in the Fresh Meadows Housing Development.[54] Information technology was as well built to firm local Earth War II veterans. The complex and its eponymous shopping center were among the showtime in the United States designed primarily to adjust automobile traffic rather than pedestrian traffic.[55] Apartment rents were between $74 and $108 per month, which included gas and electricity.[53] In 1949, architectural critic Lewis Mumford described the Fresh Meadows housing complex as "possibly the about positive and exhilarating case of large-calibration community planning in this country."[56] The construction of the terminal residential building, a twenty-story flat edifice at 67th Avenue and 192nd Street, was completed and gear up for occupancy in May 1962. At the time the building'south construction ended, 11,000 people were living in the Fresh Meadows Housing Evolution.

New York Life Insurance Company built a 12-acre shopping middle on 188th Street at Horace Harding Expressway.[58] The shopping center was planned to include a Bloomingdale'due south, a movie theater, Canterbury Shops clothing store, Mary Lewis, Ormond Hosiery Shop, Woolworth'southward, Miles Shows, Buster Brown children'southward shoes, Selby women's shoes, Nutrient Fair, a Horn & Hardart automat, Whelan'south Drugs, Fanny Farmer, Union News, Womrath's Book Store, Barrett Nephews dry cleaners, and Harris Brothers delicatessen, a Banking concern of Manhattan, a Jamaica Savings Depository financial institution, and a post office.[58] Bloomingdale'southward opened on May 24, 1949.[59] [sixty] [61] Century Meadows Theatre opened November 1949.[62] In 1973, Bloomingdale'southward added a three-level extension to the store, on what had been a pedestrian plaza.[47] Five 36-year-old oak trees were uprooted to construct the extension, to the dismay of nearby residents.[47]

The QM1 express bus to Manhattan started operating in 1968 equally function of a xc-24-hour interval trial run proposed by city traffic commissioner Henry A. Barnes, transportation administrator Arthur A. Palmer, and the New York Life Insurance Company.[63] This service was eventually kept, and it was expanded in 1970 with branches running further east into Queens.[64] [65] The combined QM1/QM1A service eventually became amongst the busiest privately operated express routes in the metropolis by the 2000s.[66]

In 1972, Harry B. Helmsley and the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation partnered to purchase the Fresh Meadows housing and retail circuitous for $53,000,0000, equivalent to $327,900,000 in 2020, from the New York Life Insurance Company.[38] [67] The MacArthur Foundation caused the property outright in 1995.[67] In 1997, Witkoff Group and Insignia Financial Grouping bought the residential property, and Federal Realty Investment Trust bought the commercial belongings. The owners of Fresh Meadows received $215 million from the sale.[67] [68]

Ii months after the Bloomingdale's store was sold in August 1991, Kmart signed a 31-twelvemonth lease for the space.[lx] Kmart'due south 1000 opening was on October 22, 1991.[69] Kmart airtight the store in 2003, as part of an endeavor to close underperforming stores.[seventy] Kmart sold the charter to the Fresh Meadows location and 4 other locations to Kohl's for $sixteen 1000000 in 2003.[71] The Kohl's in Fresh Meadows was the outset Kohl's location in New York City.[72]

Klein Farm [edit]

The former farmhouse of the Klein Farm on 73rd Avenue

Fresh Meadows was dwelling house to Klein Farm, the last surviving commercial farm in New York City, located on 73rd Avenue between 194th and 195th Streets.[73] [74] [75] Adam Klein, from Brooklyn, bought the Voorhis subcontract in the 1890s.[8] [73] [76] [77] Klein bought the 200-acre plot of state for $eighteen per acre.[78] The family sold portions of the land over time, but kept the two acres surrounding the farm house.[73] [76] His son, Charles Klein, was born on the subcontract and operated it afterward his father's expiry in 1954 at age 89.[73] By the early on 1990s, John Klein Sr. ran the farm as well as two larger farms, one in Riverhead and 1 in upstate New York.[75] The family had received many offers over the years to buy the land in Fresh Meadows. In 1991, the family declined an offer from the owner of a local pizza store, who wanted to buy the property in club to catechumen the family's home into a land-fashion eatery.[75] John Klein Jr., the great-grandson of Adam Klein, was running the farm by the late 1990s.[77]

The farm gradually go unprofitable, and in 2001, John Klein Sr. signed a contract to sell the two-acre holding to Flushing-based developer Audrey Realty, who wanted to build 22 ii-family unit homes on the site.[76] [79] The farm's last day open was November 21, 2001.[80] [81] Many in the customs were opposed to the proposed sale, including the Fresh Meadows Tenants Association, the West Cunningham Park Civic Association, the Flushing Heights Civic Clan, the Hillcrest Estates Civic Clan, the Utopia Estates Civic Association, and the Utopia Park Borough Association.[81] The community afterwards learned that the developer was owned past the family unit of Tommy Huang, whose permits to restore the landmark RKO Keith's Theater in Flushing were revoked when he destroyed its lobby.[81] [82] Huang had also admitted to failing to study a spill of 10,000 gallons of heating oil from an underground tank into the soil beneath the RKO Keith'south Theater in 1999.[79] John Klein Sr. completed the sale to Huang for $4.3 one thousand thousand in late 2003.[78]

The land was located in a Special Planned Customs Preservation District and required a special permit to build homes there.[76] David Weprin, the neighborhood's representative in the New York City Quango, opposed granting the special permit.[81] Faced with potent community opposition, Huang and Audrey Realty decided not to become forward with the plan,[83] and they instead agreed to sell the land to a Westchester-based programmer, Steven Judelson.[84] At the fourth dimension, Judelson said he had not decided what to exercise with the country.[84] The sale did not get through.[85]

In 2005, Huang sent a proposal to the Metropolis Planning Commission to build 18 2-family unit homes on the site.[86] The proposal was not approved, and a day-care heart was opened instead.[87] [83] Huang attempted to evict the mean solar day-intendance center in 2009, proverb that he needed to end the lease early on in order to sell the holding.[83] Huang settled with the day-intendance center to stop its lease 3 months early so that Huang could sell the holding to Fresh Meadows Jewish Development LLC for $5.half dozen 1000000.[88] The sale did not get through.[85] In 2012, Huang was bedevilled of embezzling over $3 one thousand thousand of federal funds that were intended to pay for children's lunches at Huang'due south Red Apple Child Development Centers.[85]

Huang finally sold the property to Ziming Shen's Fresh Meadows Children's Farm LLC for $five.6 million in 2014.[85] New York City fined Shen $1,600 later on Shen'southward daycare center, Preschool for America, cut down trees and modified the driveway on the property without the required permits.[85]

Holliswood Homes [edit]

Effectually 1939, Paul Roth bought 27 acres (11 ha) of land that had been part of the Klein subcontract and the Boggs farm.[89] [90] The land was bounded past 73rd Avenue, 185th Street, Union Turnpike, and 188th Street.[91] The 204 homes were designed by builder Arthur E. Allen.[89] [91] Roth named the community Holliswood Homes.[ninety] Houses were sold for an average of $vii,400 each.[91] Roth had previously developed areas elsewhere in Queens, Brooklyn, and Long Island.[90]

Meadowlark Gardens [edit]

Meadowlark Gardens is a 288-unit residential apartment development between 65th Avenue, 197th Street, and 73rd Artery.[92] It was built by Mortimer M. Reznick, and George Miller was the architect.[92] The first residents moved in on July 1, 1950.[92] Reznick had previously built homes in the Williams Homes evolution at 197th Street and 73rd Artery.[93] Reznick also built residential developments called Williams Homes in Flushing and Bonnie Meadows in New Rochelle, and a commercial evolution in Yonkers.[94] [95] [96]

Meadowlark Gardens Tenant Association was organized on June 3, 1977, in guild to abet for the tenants' rights.[97] [98]

Subsections [edit]

Hillcrest [edit]

Map of Hillcrest

Hillcrest is a neighborhood in the center of Queens; the proper noun comes from its location on the hills between Flushing and Jamaica. Hillcrest stretches from the Thousand Cardinal Parkway to 73rd Avenue, betwixt Utopia Parkway and Parsons Boulevard. Its main commercial street is Wedlock Turnpike. Hillcrest is part of Queens Community Board 8. The ZIP Codes for the neighborhood are 11366 (Fresh Meadows and Flushing naught code) for annihilation above Union Turnpike, and 11432 or 11439 (Jamaica zip codes) for the southern role of the neighborhood (below Union Turnpike, north of Grand Primal Parkway). It neighbors Kew Gardens Hills and Pomonok to the west, Fresh Meadows to the north, Utopia to the east, and Jamaica Hills to the south. It is by and large made up of single-family homes, is in a relatively well-off public school district, and has a depression crime rate.

Equally with many neighborhoods in the metropolis, unlike residents have varying perceptions of its boundaries. Most people in the northeastern function of Hillcrest self-identify as existence in Fresh Meadows, equally does everyone living in nearby Utopia. Others tend to place with neighborhoods that surroundings them. In that location is a small group in the center of the Hillcrest area that identify exclusively with it.[ commendation needed ] Hillcrest is habitation to an Orthodox Jewish community. Some public high schools in Hillcrest are Queens Gateway to Health Sciences Secondary School, and Queens School of inquiry. St. John'southward University is also located in the neighborhood on Utopia Parkway.

History [edit]

75th Avenue was originally known equally Hell Fire Lane, and so Quarrelsome Lane, and then Eiseman Avenue.[99] [100]

In 1938 and 1939, Moss Brothers congenital approximately 550 homes along Utopia Parkway betwixt Horace Harding Expressway and Grand Central Parkway.[101] [102] Moss Brothers hired architect Arthur Eastward. Allen to design the homes.[102] [103] The evolution was chosen Hillcrest Gardens.[102] [103]

Utopia [edit]

Utopia is in the southeastern office of Fresh Meadows, bordered past Utopia Parkway to the west, 73rd Avenue to the north, 188th Street to the eastward, and Union Turnpike to the south.[104] Utopia is part of Queens Community Board 8[1] and is often considered to be a office of Fresh Meadows, though The New York Times and the New York Urban center Department of City Planning delineate Utopia as a carve up neighborhood.[104] Utopia's residents includes many Bourgeois and Orthodox Jews, Chinese Americans, Korean Americans, Russian Americans, Indian Americans, and Hispanic and Latino Americans. Utopia primarily consists of houses and tree-lined streets.[104]

The triangular-shaped Utopia Playground, at Utopia Parkway and 73rd Avenue, used to be the site of the Black Stump School, when the area was nevertheless called Black Stump.[104] The school was later replaced by Black Stump Hook, Ladder, and Bucket Company, a volunteer firehouse.[104] Today, information technology has a playground, a softball field, basketball courts, and handball courts.[104]

It is bordered by the neighborhoods of Hillcrest to the west, Fresh Meadows to the n and east, and Jamaica Estates to the south. Utopia is also home to the Hillcrest Jewish Heart and the Queens Public Library at Hillcrest, both located on Union Turnpike.

History [edit]

Simon Freeman, Samuel Resler, and Joseph Fried incorporated the Utopia State Company in 1903.[105] The post-obit year, the Utopia Country Company bought 161.25 acres (65 ha) of country betwixt the communities of Jamaica and Flushing.[106] [107] The Utopia Land Visitor intended to build a cooperative community for Jewish families interested in moving away from the Lower E Side of Manhattan. They intended to proper name the streets after those on the Lower Due east Side, where there was already a big Jewish population.[107]

Subsequently its initial acquisition, the company was unable to secure enough funding to further develop the surface area.[108] In 1909, 118 acres (48 ha) of the country was sold to Felix Isman of Philadelphia for $350,000, equivalent to $10,100,000 in 2020.[109]

The expanse remained farmland until 1935, when the land was bought by the Gross-Morton Park Corporation, run by George M. Gross, Alfred Gross, and Lawrence Morton.[110] [111] Gross-Morton had experience in edifice residential developments in Queens, such as when it had developed the state of the Belleclaire golf grade in Bayside, around today'due south 48th Artery and 211th Street.[110] [111] In 1937, the company bought 27 acres (eleven ha) of face-to-face farmland on the southward side of Black Stump Road (now 73rd Avenue) from the Klein family.[112] In 1939, information technology bought 117 acres (47 ha) of state that had been formerly part of the Klein Subcontract and the Wigmore estate.[113] The land included about one mile of land directly on Union Turnpike, on which it congenital most forty stores.[113]

On the land it bought in Utopia, the Gross-Morton Park Corporation built colonial and Cape Cod-way homes with either two or iii bedrooms, each on approximately 4,000 foursquare anxiety (372 one thousand2) of state in the early 1940s.[104] Arthur Allen was the architect of the homes.[114] [115]

In 1938, Paul Roth bought the portion of the Klein Farm on the due north side of Spousal relationship Turnpike, between 185th Street and 188th Street, to build lxx houses.[116]

The Batterman family owned and operated a farm on land bounded past Union Turnpike, Utopia Parkway, 75th Avenue, and 170th Street.[117] In 1938, the Foch Building Corporation bought the Batterman Estate in social club to develop information technology into a residential neighborhood, named University Manor.[117] The Foch Building Corporation had previously built 111 houses in what is now St. Albans, Queens.[117]

Demographics [edit]

Based on data from the 2010 United states of america Census, the population of Fresh Meadows (including Utopia but excluding Hillcrest) was 17,812, a modify of 439 (two.5%) from the 17,373 counted in 2000. Covering an area of 636.38 acres (257.53 ha), the neighborhood had a population density of 28 inhabitants per acre (18,000/sq mi; 6,900/km2).[2]

The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 32.nine% (5,864) White, seven.vi% (1,355) African American, 0.one% (17) Native American, 47.1% (viii,381) Asian, 0% (two) Pacific Islander, 0.four% (74) from other races, and 2% (356) from ii or more than races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 9.9% (1,763) of the population.[iii]

The entirety of Community Board 8, which comprises Fresh Meadows besides every bit Kew Gardens Hills and Jamaica Hills, had 156,217 inhabitants as of NYC Health'southward 2018 Community Wellness Profile, with an average life expectancy of 83.9 years.[118] : 2, 20 This is college than the median life expectancy of 81.2 for all New York Urban center neighborhoods.[119] : 53 (PDF p. 84) [120] Most inhabitants are heart-aged adults and youth: 20% are between the ages of 0–17, 28% betwixt 25–44, and 27% between 45–64. The ratio of higher-aged and elderly residents was lower, at x% and xv% respectively.[118] : two

As of 2017, the median household income in Community Board 8 was $64,005.[four] In 2018, an estimated 22% of Fresh Meadows residents lived in poverty, compared to nineteen% in all of Queens and 20% in all of New York City. One in eleven residents (9%) were unemployed, compared to 8% in Queens and 9% in New York Metropolis. Rent burden, or the per centum of residents who have difficulty paying their rent, is 54% in Fresh Meadows, slightly higher than the boroughwide and citywide rates of 53% and 51% respectively. Based on this calculation, every bit of 2018[update], Fresh Meadows is considered to exist loftier-income relative to the residuum of the city and not gentrifying.[118] : vii

Population estimates of Fresh Meadows vary widely depending on which boundaries are considered. Naught codes 11365 and 11366 together have an estimated population of 59,873 as of 2017, according to the U.Southward. Census Agency, but this as well includes part of Auburndale northward of the Long Island Throughway, while excluding Hillcrest.[121] Co-ordinate to 2009 census data, however, the neighborhood had sixteen,100 residents, 44 percentage of whom residents are white, 24 percentage Asian, 14 pct black, 29 per centum Hispanic, and 3 pct identify as multiracial.[122] The neighborhood has historically and traditionally been home to one of New York City's most notable Jewish communities. Today, there is an increasing presence of younger Asian American and Colombian American families, Israeli Americans, Bukharian Jews, and West Indian Americans living in the neighborhood.[123]

Police and crime [edit]

Fresh Meadows is patrolled by the 107th Precinct of the NYPD, located at 71-01 Parsons Boulevard.[five] The 107th Precinct ranked 11th safest out of 69 patrol areas for per-capita crime in 2010. The low criminal offence rate was attributed primarily to the area's isolation and to local neighborhood patrols.[124] As of 2018[update], with a non-fatal assault charge per unit of 22 per 100,000 people, Fresh Meadows's rate of violent crimes per capita is lower than that of the city as a whole. The incarceration charge per unit of 191 per 100,000 people is lower than that of the metropolis as a whole.[118] : 8

The 107th Precinct has a lower crime rate than in the 1990s, with crimes across all categories having decreased by 88.eight% between 1990 and 2018. The precinct reported 5 murders, 23 rapes, 138 robberies, 131 felony assaults, 149 burglaries, 539 grand larcenies, and 101 yard larcenies auto in 2018.[125]

Fire safety [edit]

Fresh Meadows is served by two New York Metropolis Fire Department (FDNY) burn down stations.[126] Engine Co. 299/Ladder Co. 152 is located at 61-20 Utopia Parkway and serves Utopia and the Fresh Meadows development,[127] while Engine Co. 315/Ladder Co. 125 is located at 159-06 Union Turnpike and serves Hillcrest and southern Fresh Meadows.[128]

Health [edit]

As of 2018[update], preterm births and births to teenage mothers are less common in Fresh Meadows than in other places citywide. In Fresh Meadows, there were 74 preterm births per 1,000 alive births (compared to 87 per 1,000 citywide), and 6.vii births to teenage mothers per 1,000 live births (compared to 19.3 per 1,000 citywide).[118] : 11 Fresh Meadows has a relatively average population of residents who are uninsured. In 2018, this population of uninsured residents was estimated to exist 11%, which is slightly lower than the citywide charge per unit of 12%.[118] : fourteen

The concentration of fine particulate matter, the deadliest type of air pollutant, in Fresh Meadows is 0.0078 milligrams per cubic metre (seven.8×ten−9 oz/cu ft), lower than the citywide and boroughwide averages.[118] : 9 Fourteen percent of Fresh Meadows residents are smokers, which is equal to the city boilerplate of 14% of residents being smokers.[118] : 13 In Fresh Meadows, 19% of residents are obese, 11% are diabetic, and 29% accept high claret pressure—compared to the citywide averages of 20%, 14%, and 24% respectively.[118] : 16 In add-on, xviii% of children are obese, compared to the citywide average of xx%.[118] : 12

Eighty-9 percent of residents eat some fruits and vegetables every day, which is higher than the city's boilerplate of 87%. In 2018, 79% of residents described their wellness as "good," "very practiced," or "fantabulous," about the same as the city's average of 78%.[118] : 13 For every supermarket in Fresh Meadows, there are 5 bodegas.[118] : 10

The nearest large hospitals to Fresh Meadows are Queens Hospital Eye in Hillcrest and NewYork–Presbyterian Queens in Flushing.[129]

Post offices and Goose egg Codes [edit]

Fresh Meadows is covered by Zip Codes 11365 northward of 73rd Avenue; 11366 between 73rd Artery and Spousal relationship Turnpike.[130] The United States Postal service Office operates 2 locations in Fresh Meadows: the Fresh Meadows Finance Station at 193-04 Horace Harding Expressway,[131] and the Utopia Station, at 182-04 Union Turnpike in Utopia.[132]

Education [edit]

Fresh Meadows generally has a higher ratio of college-educated residents than the residuum of the city as of 2018[update]. Half of residents (l%) take a college education or college, while 14% have less than a loftier school education and 37% are high schoolhouse graduates or have some college education. By contrast, 39% of Queens residents and 43% of metropolis residents accept a higher pedagogy or higher.[118] : half-dozen The percentage of Fresh Meadows students excelling in math rose from 51 pct in 2000 to 71 percentage in 2011, and reading accomplishment rose from 56% to 57% during the aforementioned time period.[133]

Fresh Meadows'south rate of unproblematic school student absenteeism is less than the residue of New York City. In Fresh Meadows, fifteen% of elementary schoolhouse students missed twenty or more days per school twelvemonth, less than the citywide boilerplate of 20%.[119] : 24 (PDF p. 55) [118] : 6 Additionally, 86% of high schoolhouse students in Fresh Meadows graduate on time, more than the citywide boilerplate of 75%.[118] : 6

Schools [edit]

Public [edit]

Fresh Meadows and Hillcrest contain the post-obit public elementary schools.[134] [135]

  • P.South. 4 (grades PK–8)[136]
  • P.S. 26 Rufus Rex Schoolhouse (grades PK–5)[137]
  • P.Southward. 154 (grades PK–5)[138]
  • P.S. 173 Fresh Meadow School (grades PK–5)[139]
  • P.Due south./I.S. 178 Holliswood School (grades PK–8)[140]
  • P.South. 255 (grades PK–12)[141]

Fresh Meadows and Hillcrest contain the post-obit public eye schools.[134] [135]

  • J.H.S. 216 George J. Ryan Schoolhouse (grades half dozen–eight)[142] — opened September 1955, named after the sometime 15-year president of the Board of Educational activity[143]
  • Queens Gateway To Health Sciences Secondary School (grades vi–12)[144]
  • Queens School of Enquiry (grades half-dozen–12)[145]

Francis Lewis High School (grades ix–12) is located in Fresh Meadows.[146]

Private [edit]

St. Francis Preparatory Schoolhouse, the largest Catholic high schoolhouse in the United States, is located in Fresh Meadows.

The Summit Schoolhouse, a state-approved tuition-free private school serving students with special education needs, holds classes at Hillcrest Jewish Center in Utopia.

St. John'southward University, a individual Catholic academy, has its main campus in Hillcrest.

The Japanese Weekend Schoolhouse of New York, a Japanese weekend school, holds classes at the building of P.S. 26. The school likewise holds classes in Westchester Canton and Long Island.[147]

The Japanese School of New York formerly held classes in Fresh Meadows between 1980 and 1991.[148] [149] [150]

Libraries [edit]

Hillcrest branch, Queens Public Library

The Queens Public Library operates two branches in Fresh Meadows. The Fresh Meadows co-operative is located at 193-twenty Horace Harding Throughway,[151] and the Hillcrest branch is located at 187-05 Union Turnpike in Utopia.[152]

Transportation [edit]

Buses [edit]

Although there are no New York City Subway stations in Fresh Meadows, several local MTA Regional Bus Operations routes serve the neighborhood and connect to the subway. These include the:[153]

  • Q17: to 169th Street (E, ​F, and <F> trains) or Flushing–Main Street (7 and <7>​ trains) via Horace Harding Expressway and 188th Street[38] [154] [153]
  • Q26: to Flushing–Main Street (7 and <vii>​ trains) via Hollis Court Boulevard[38] [155] [153]
  • Q30: to Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (E​, ​J, and ​Z trains) or Lilliputian Neck via Utopia Parkway and Horace Harding Expressway[38] [156] [153]
  • Q31: to Jamaica Center–Parsons/Archer (E​, ​J, and ​Z trains) or Bayside via Utopia Parkway[38] [157] [153]
  • Q46: to Kew Gardens–Union Turnpike (E, ​F, and <F> trains) or Glen Oaks via Union Turnpike[158] [153]
  • Q76: to 169th Street (Eastward, ​F, and <F> trains) or Higher Point via Francis Lewis Boulevard[38] [159] [153]
  • Q88: to Woodhaven Boulevard (M and ​R trains) or Queens Hamlet LIRR via Horace Harding State highway, 188th Street and 73rd Avenue[38] [160] [153]

In improver, the Union Turnpike express buses run along Spousal relationship Turnpike, 188th Street, and 73rd Avenue, providing service to Manhattan:[153] [161] [155]

  • QM1, QM5, QM6, QM31, QM35 and QM36 to Midtown Manhattan[161] [153]
  • QM7 and QM8 to Lower Manhattan[155] [153]

Trains [edit]

The Long Island Rails Road (LIRR)'s Auburndale station is nearby and provides access on the Port Washington Co-operative to Midtown Manhattan. Buses as well run to the LIRR stations at Flushing–Main Street and Jamaica.[162]

Quondam [edit]

In June 1873, the Primal Railroad of Long Island opened a station, called Frankiston, on Black Stump Road, at present called 73rd Avenue.[163] It was east of the present-twenty-four hour period Clearview Expressway, where Cunningham Park is now. The railroad line continued northwest, forth the parkland between today's Peck Avenue and Underhill Avenue, ultimately ending in downtown Flushing.

The origin of the name Frankiston is unknown. Loomis Fifty. White, the railroad'southward 2d largest stockholder, had bought all the land surrounding the station in April 1871. The station'south edifice was built past E.W. Karker & Co. of Higher Point, April–May 1873.[164] : 147 The train fare from Frankston to downtown Flushing was $0.xxx (equivalent to $6 in 2020).[164] : 109 The station was outset included in railroad timetables in June 1873.[164] : 147

On April 30, 1879, the station was closed and the railroad line was abandoned.[164] : 147 [165]

Proposed [edit]

In the 1970s, an extension of the subway organisation along Horace Harding Expressway was proposed as office of the Programme for Action, but it was ultimately non congenital.[166]

Highways [edit]

The Long Island Pike (I-495) connects Fresh Meadows with both midtown Manhattan and Long Island, while the Clearview Motorway (I-295) provides access to the Bronx and the New England Expressway.

The Long Island Motor Parkway, formerly a highway, is at present used as a biking and walking trail, every bit part of the Brooklyn–Queens Greenway.

In media [edit]

In October 2011, a volume written by Fred Cantor and Debra Davidson that chronicled the history of Fresh Meadows was released.[167] The volume is part of the Images of America series.[168]

Notable people [edit]

  • Bruce Bierman (built-in 1953), American interior designer

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b c "NYC Planning | Community Profiles". communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov. New York Metropolis Department of Urban center Planning. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
  2. ^ a b Tabular array PL-P5 NTA: Total Population and Persons Per Acre - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010, Population Sectionalisation - New York City Department of City Planning, February 2012. Accessed June xvi, 2016.
  3. ^ a b Table PL-P3A NTA: Total Population by Mutually Exclusive Race and Hispanic Origin - New York City Neighborhood Tabulation Areas*, 2010, Population Division - New York City Department of City Planning, March 29, 2011. Accessed June 14, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "NYC-Queens Community District 8--Briarwood, Fresh Meadows & Hillcrest PUMA, NY". Census Reporter. Retrieved July 17, 2018.
  5. ^ a b "NYPD – 107th Precinct". www.nyc.gov. New York City Law Department. Retrieved October 3, 2016.
  6. ^ Current Urban center Council Districts for Queens County, New York Urban center. Accessed May five, 2017.
  7. ^ "For Sale, or to be exchanged for Property in the city of New-York". The Evening Post. New York, NY. June 27, 1805. p. ii. Retrieved Jan 1, 2020 – via newspapers.com open access .
  8. ^ a b c d Morales, Tina (Feb 25, 1990). "Marshes, Meadows Impressed Explorers Neighborhood's heritage includes the terminal commercial family subcontract in the city". Newsday. ProQuest 278200504.
  9. ^ a b "Long Island: Our Story / Our Towns / Queens". Newsday. February 22, 1998. p. H5. ProQuest 279099066.
  10. ^ Walsh, Kevin (March 2006). "Fresh Meadows, Queens". Forgotten NY . Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  11. ^ "History of Fresh Meadows". Fresh Meadows website . Retrieved September 24, 2014.
  12. ^ Beyer, Gregory (June nineteen, 2009). "An Outpost of the Urban center, Inside the City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 29, 2009.
  13. ^ "Long Island Items". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. Feb 15, 1871. p. 3. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  14. ^ "Building Department Decorated". Times Union. Brooklyn, NY. July xviii, 1900. p. nine. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  15. ^ "School Betterments in Queens Borough". Times Spousal relationship. Brooklyn, NY. June 12, 1905. p. 11. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  16. ^ "Work Started on 3 New Play Centers". Brooklyn Citizen. September twenty, 1941. p. 2. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  17. ^ Shaman, Diana (Dec 21, 2003). "A Neighborhood Aspires to Its Name". The New York Times. p. 11.7. ISSN 0362-4331.
  18. ^ a b "Odd Tales of Many Cities: Ghost Songs Terminate; Spook Goes to Jail". The Washington Post. January 7, 1908. p. 3. ProQuest 144899254.
  19. ^ a b Higgins, Adrian (August 31, 2017). "Forgive this 1800s plant collector who brought united states of america a mega-weed". The Washington Post. p. 11. ProQuest 1985630417.
  20. ^ Hanc, John (July 9, 2003). "Open Secrets: The Hidden Pleasures of Our Parks: Kissena Park". Newsday. p. B3. ProQuest 279692657.
  21. ^ Wells, Nelson Chiliad. (November 12, 1939). "Good Habits of Hardy Privets Prove Their Value in the City; Privet Grown As a Specimen". The New York Times. p. 65. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February ii, 2019.
  22. ^ "Renewing Central Park". The New York Times. October 10, 1886. p. 4. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  23. ^ a b c Hanc, John (December 9, 2001). "Kissena's Oasis". Newsday. p. H7. ProQuest 279544089.
  24. ^ Daniel Carter Beard (1915). The American boys' book of bugs, butterflies and beetles. Lippincott. pp. 289–293. Retrieved July nine, 2018.
  25. ^ "Game Bag and Gun; Why Not Breed Our Own Wild Ducks". Forest and Stream. seventy (13): 494. March 28, 1908. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  26. ^ New York (N.Y.). Dept. of Water Supply, Gas and Electricity; Delos Franklin Wilcox; Citizens Water Supply Co. of Newtown (1916). Report of Delos F. Wilcox, deputy commissioner: to the Commissioner of Water Supply, Gas and Electricity : in relation to the Citizens H2o Supply Visitor of Newtown : October 7, 1916. pp. 171–174, 219–220, 323. Retrieved July 9, 2018.
  27. ^ a b "Obituary Notes" (PDF). The New York Times. April xv, 1898. p. vii. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  28. ^ "Flushing's Merits to Floral Fame; French Huguenots Fabricated Information technology the Garden Spot of America in the Eighteenth Century". The New York Times. Jan ten, 1926. p. E21. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  29. ^ a b Shaman, Diana (March v, 2000). "If You're Thinking of Living In/Kissena Park, Queens; Near Flushing's Hurry, a Serenity Enclave". The New York Times. p. 11.five. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  30. ^ "In the Park Or Not". The New York Times. April 28, 1989. p. C34. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  31. ^ Feller, Michael (December 1988). "Kissena Park: The Wild Side; A Guide to its Natural Areas" (PDF). New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, Natural Resources Group. Retrieved June 2, 2018.
  32. ^ a b c d "New Fresh Meadow Club House Burns: Loss is $150,000". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. September 17, 1923. p. 40. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  33. ^ a b "Woodland Golf game Club Purchases xviii-Hole Course: New Links Organization Acquires Tract of 106 Acres in Jamaica". New-York Tribune. December 18, 1921. p. 19. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  34. ^ "Fresh Meadow Golf Grade Set in June". The Evening World. New York, NY. p. 25. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  35. ^ a b "Woodland Golfers Adopt New Name, Fresh Meadow". Brooklyn Daily Hawkeye. January 20, 1922. p. 26. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  36. ^ a b "About FMCC: A Tale of 2 Clubs". Fresh Meadow State Club. Retrieved May 31, 2012. [ expressionless link ]
  37. ^ a b c d "New Courses Opened; Fresh Meadow and Fenimore Clubs Join Met. Golf Ranks". The New York Times. May 31, 1922. p. 26. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  38. ^ a b c d e f thousand h "Fresh Meadows Upwardly Close 'Twas an Early Modern Community". New York Daily News. April 8, 1999. p. 9. ProQuest 313652130.
  39. ^ "$150,000 Club Burned 9 Days After Opening". New York Daily News. September xviii, 1923. p. 13. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  40. ^ Rice, Grantland (September 12, 1930). "The Sportlight". The Baltimore Sun. p. 19. ProQuest 543442746.
  41. ^ "Sarazen Wins National Open". The Baltimore Sun. June 26, 1932. p. S1. ProQuest 543346930.
  42. ^ "Ruth Serious About Match". The Baltimore Sun. Associated Press: xviii. Nov 12, 1937. ProQuest 538086593.
  43. ^ "Frenzied Crowd Stops Montague Exhibition". The Washington Post. Associated Press. November 15, 1937. p. 18. ProQuest 150906301.
  44. ^ Talbot, Gayle (Feb 5, 1946). "Famous New York Golf Course Victim of Housing Shortage". The Washington Post. p. ten.
  45. ^ a b "N.Y. Life Acquires Large Housing Site: Buys 141-Acre Fresh Meadow Land Club in Flushing, Queens, for $1,075,000". The New York Times. March 23, 1946. p. 28. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 4, 2019.
  46. ^ "Housing Contract is Permit: Fuller Co. to Build Apartments on Fresh Meadows Site". The New York Times. June 1, 1946. p. 45. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January thirty, 2019.
  47. ^ a b c Tomasson, Robert E. (May 20, 1973). "Buying Change Unsettles Fresh Meadows". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan 31, 2019.
  48. ^ a b "Contracts Approved for Queens School". The New York Times. Apr 12, 1947. p. 9. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  49. ^ "Start New School". New York Daily News. p. B44. Retrieved January iii, 2020 – via newspapers.com open access .
  50. ^ a b "4 Queens Schools Formally Opened; Buildings Costing $vii,500,000 Provide for Thousands of Uncomplicated Pupils". The New York Times. October 11, 1949. p. 29. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  51. ^ Marzlock, Ron (November 21, 2012). "How Robert Moses Saved Utopia Playground". Queens Chronicle . Retrieved Feb 16, 2020.
  52. ^ "Utopia Playground Highlights : NYC Parks". New York City Section of Parks & Recreation. June 26, 1939. Retrieved February 16, 2020.
  53. ^ a b "Open up Queens Project". New York Amsterdam News. September 6, 1947. p. 19.
  54. ^ Chocolate-brown, Earl (August nine, 1947). "Timely Topics: Most Jim Crow Housing Projects". New York Amsterdam News. p. 8.
  55. ^ Goldberger, Paul (April 17, 1981). "To Utopia by Bus and Subway". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 29, 2009.
  56. ^ Kroessler, J.A. (2002). New York Year by Yr: A Chronology of the Great Metropolis . NYU Press. p. 254. ISBN978-0-8147-4750-6 . Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  57. ^ a b "New Shopping Area for Flat Residents: 12-Acre Site Being Developed every bit Store Center Bordering Fresh Meadows Housing". The New York Times: R1. Feb 13, 1949. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 105768551.
  58. ^ "Store Is Opening in Queens Tuesday; Bloomingdale's to Hold Preview for Invited List Tomorrow at Fresh Meadows". The New York Times. May 22, 1949. p. 35. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  59. ^ a b Garbarine, Rachelle (October 9, 1991). "Existent Estate: Queens Shopping Center Draws Yard Mart for an Ballast". The New York Times. p. D21. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan 30, 2019.
  60. ^ "Bloomingdale Shop in Queens Open Today". The New York Times. May 24, 1949. p. 32. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January thirty, 2019.
  61. ^ "No Coins In Slots at New Automat; Restaurant Planned for Fresh Meadows Site Will Accept Trim Waitresses Serving". The New York Times. December eighteen, 1949. p. 41. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January xxx, 2019.
  62. ^ Perlmutter, Emanuel (February 27, 1968). "Queens-Midtown Service Starts: eleven Express Buses Carry 1,000 on Test Runs". The New York Times . Retrieved Baronial 26, 2016.
  63. ^ "Another Express Bus Service Starts Mon" (PDF). Bayside Times. Fultonhistory.com. March 12, 1970. p. ane. Retrieved February 17, 2018.
  64. ^ Moran, Nancy (June 11, 1970). "Private Lines Running Express Buses to the City's Outskirts". The New York Times. p. 90. Retrieved June 13, 2017.
  65. ^ Urbitran Associates, Inc (May 2004). "NYCDOT Motorbus Ridership Survey and Route Analysis Final Report: Chapter 4 Operating and Financial Performance" (PDF). nyc.gov. New York Metropolis Department of Transportation. Retrieved December 20, 2015.
  66. ^ a b c Oser, Alan S. (October 8, 1997). "Metro Business; Fresh Meadows Sale". The New York Times. p. B6. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan 31, 2019.
  67. ^ Bertrand, Donald (October 10, 1997). "Fresh Meadows sale; 215M for huge complex". New York Daily News. p. 765. Retrieved January 31, 2019 – via newspapers.com. open access
  68. ^ Murray, Caryn Eve (October 25, 1992). "Kmart Loves Thy Neighbors". Newsday. p. 4. ProQuest 278586574.
  69. ^ Herzlick, Jamie (January 15, 2003). "With Kmart Going, Rivals Vie for Stores". Newsday. p. A37. ProQuest 279616624.
  70. ^ Wax, Alan J. (Apr 16, 2003). "Kohls, H. Depot Purchase Kmart Leases / Retailers to open up stores in Fresh Meadows, Syosset". Newsday. p. A47. ProQuest 279704185.
  71. ^ Boswell, Brannon (June 2003). "Big-box comes to the Big Apple tree". National Real Estate Investor (Atlanta, Georgia). Volume 45. Upshot six. p. xvi–17.
  72. ^ a b c d Shepard, Richard F. (September 26, 1971). "Down On the Farm in Queens". The New York Times. p. A1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  73. ^ "A Farm Grows in Fresh Meadows". Newsday. p. 06. ProQuest 278384876.
  74. ^ a b c Hernandez, Raymond (September 26, 1993). "Neighborhood Study: Fresh Meadows; A Harvest in Queens That's Out of the By". The New York Times. p. A9. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan thirty, 2019.
  75. ^ a b c d O'Grady, Jim (July 29, 2001). "Neighborhood Study: Fresh Meadows; Down on the Farm: A City Spread Appears Headed for a Last Harvest". The New York Times. p. CY4. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  76. ^ a b Kirby, David (May 30, 1999). "Passing the Endurance Test; A 2-Acre Farm Belt At 194-15 73d Ave". The New York Times. p. xi. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 30, 2019.
  77. ^ a b Hevesi, Dennis (February 27, 2004). "A Subcontract, In Queens? For At present, Aye; A Last Holdout Is Sold, But Some Hope to Save It". The New York Times. p. B1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January thirty, 2019.
  78. ^ a b Bertrand, Donald (March 6, 2002). "Developer Dealt Blow: Councilman opposes Klein Farm plan". New York Daily News. p. one. ProQuest 305732555.
  79. ^ Virasami, Bryan (November 21, 2001). "Their Final Flavour On The Farm Fresh Meadows site to shut down today". Newsday. p. A8. ProQuest 279482095.
  80. ^ a b c d "Dissension Takes Root in Sale of Farm Stand up". New York Daily News. March 1, 2002. p. 8. ProQuest 305691352.
  81. ^ Murphy, William (February 22, 2005). "Not the right fit for them, Bayside residents fear developer with history of violations will be allowed to jam four homes on ane lot". Newsday. p. A15. ProQuest 279891377.
  82. ^ a b c Kemp, Joe (August 2, 2009). "Solar day-intendance centre defies eviction past a notorious landlord". New York Daily News. p. 33. Retrieved Jan 31, 2019.
  83. ^ a b Bertrand, Donald (March xv, 2004). "Subcontract Changes Hands Over again: West'chester Developer Has Eye on Klein Property". New York Daily News. p. 3. ProQuest 305871480.
  84. ^ a b c d east Robinson, Alex (August 7, 2014). "Klein subcontract sold to tree cutters". TimesLedger (Queens, New York).
  85. ^ Bertrand, Donald (September 20, 2005). "Pol, Neighbors Urge Preserving One-time Subcontract". New York Daily News. p. 3. ProQuest 305982221.
  86. ^ Beyer, Gregory (June 21, 2009). "Living in Fresh Meadows, Queens: An Outpost of the City, Within the Urban center". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan 30, 2019.
  87. ^ Kemp, Joe (September 11, 2009). "Klein Subcontract bargain struck: Twenty-four hours care agrees to vacate, developers in negotiations". New York Daily News. p. 77. Retrieved January 31, 2019.
  88. ^ a b "Builders Learn Jamaica Farms". The New York Times. March 26, 1939. p. 157. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February ten, 2019.
  89. ^ a b c "Old Boggs Home Being Adult". Brooklyn Daily Eagle. March 26, 1939. p. 47. Retrieved January 3, 2020 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  90. ^ a b c "Paul Roth Projection to Have 204 Homes". Brooklyn Daily Hawkeye. June 22, 1941. p. 26. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  91. ^ a b c "746-Unit of measurement Housing to Replace Society: Garden-Type Housing Existence Congenital in Queens and New Jersey Centers". The New York Times. May 21, 1950. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
  92. ^ "New Section for Northcrest". The New York Times. August 10, 1947. p. R1. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 107820986.
  93. ^ "New Rochelle Homes Use One-time Farm Site". The New York Times. November four, 1951. p. 255. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 29, 2019.
  94. ^ "Realty Financing". The New York Times. December 28, 1951. p. 34. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 112094864.
  95. ^ Ennis, Thomas W. (May eleven, 1965). "$iv 1000000 Deal: Full general Statuary Contracts to Sell Its Garden City Institute". The New York Times. p. 62. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December xxx, 2019.
  96. ^ Waters, Archie (May 23, 1977). "New Flushing Borough Group". New York Daily News. p. 355. Retrieved December 29, 2019 – via newspapers.com open access .
  97. ^ "Meadowlark Gardens Tenant Association, Inc." Entity Information. New York State Department of State, Partition of Corporations. Retrieved Dec 29, 2019.
  98. ^ "Want 75th Artery Improved to Meet Convenience of Buses". The Chat. Brooklyn, NY. Apr 13, 1929. p. 2. Retrieved January 3, 2020 – via newspapers.com open access .
  99. ^ "Queens Clerk'south Function: Shell of Business organisation". Brooklyn Daily Hawkeye. Jan 9, 1906. p. 22. Retrieved January 3, 2020 – via Brooklyn Public Library; newspapers.com open access .
  100. ^ "Jamaica Dwelling house Site; Builders Plan 270 Dwellings on Utopia Parkway Tract". The New York Times. Nov 20, 1938. p. 187. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  101. ^ a b c "19 Jamaica Homes Sold; Builders Study Rise Need in Hillcrest Community". The New York Times. June 11, 1939. p. RE9. Retrieved February ten, 2019.
  102. ^ a b "Builders Active on Long Island; Sales and Home Construction Establishing High Record for Summer Season". The New York Times. July sixteen, 1939. p. 129. Retrieved February x, 2019.
  103. ^ a b c d e f g Shaman, Diana (Dec 21, 2003). "If You're Thinking of Living In/Utopia, Queens; A Neighborhood Aspires to Its Proper name". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January thirty, 2019.
  104. ^ "New York Incorporations". The New York Times. May thirteen, 1903. p. 14. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  105. ^ "In the Real Manor Field; Harlem Plots Bought for Improvement -- Ex-Gov. Morton's Purchase -- New Building at Broadway and 50-5th Street -- Dealings by Brokers and at Sale". The New York Times. March 26, 1904. p. xv. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  106. ^ a b "A Hebrew Utopia". The New York Times. June 7, 1905. p. xvi. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  107. ^ Schneider, Daniel B. (January 26, 1997). "F.Y.I.: A Utopia in Queens". The New York Times. p. CY2. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February v, 2019.
  108. ^ "Isman's $350,000 Buy; Philadelphia Operator Buys Tract of 118 Acres Most Jamaica". The New York Times. June 13, 1909. p. 14. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  109. ^ a b "Plans for Buildings Filed by Architects: Variety of New Structures Are Projected in Manhattan, Bronx, Brooklyn and Queens". The New York Times. August 21, 1935. p. 38. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February v, 2019.
  110. ^ a b "Home-Edifice Centres". The New York Times: RE1. August 18, 1935. ISSN 0362-4331. ProQuest 101380138.
  111. ^ "Queens Farm Bought for Housing Projection; 600 New Homes Planned for Jamaica-Hillcrest Site by Edifice Concern". The New York Times. February 12, 1937. p. 44. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March iii, 2019.
  112. ^ a b "54 Blocks Bought for Domicile Centers: Gross-Morton Business firm Announces Plans for 1,400 Houses on Queens Tracts". The New York Times. April 9, 1939. p. RE1. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  113. ^ "Residence Planned at 16 Sutton Foursquare; Mrs. Lili Havemeyer to Cock $30,000 Home At that place: Queens". The New York Times. May 21, 1940. p. 47. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019.
  114. ^ "Building Plans Filed". The New York Times. May 30, 1940. p. 38. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 5, 2019 – via ProQuest.
  115. ^ "lxx Flushing Lots Added for Housing; Builder of Small Dwellings Buys Union Turnpike Tract Adjoining Development". The New York Times. November 18, 1938. p. 41. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved March 3, 2019.
  116. ^ a b c "Builders Acquire Farm in Jamaica: New Owners Plan to Erect 500 Homes on the Former Batterman Property". The New York Times. June 12, 1938. p. 182. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  117. ^ a b c d east f g h i j g l thousand due north o "Hillcrest and Fresh Meadows (Including Briarwood, Fresh Meadows, Hillcrest, Jamaica Hills, Kew Gardens Hills and Utopia)" (PDF). nyc.gov. NYC Health. 2018. Retrieved March two, 2019.
  118. ^ a b "2016-2018 Community Wellness Assessment and Customs Health Improvement Plan: Take Care New York 2020" (PDF). nyc.gov. New York City Department of Wellness and Mental Hygiene. 2016. Retrieved September 8, 2017.
  119. ^ "New Yorkers are living longer, happier and healthier lives". New York Postal service. June four, 2017. Retrieved March 1, 2019.
  120. ^ "2013-2017 American Customs Survey 5-Yr Estimates: Demographic and Housing Estimates: Zippo Code 11365 and 11366". U.Due south. Census Bureau. Retrieved Feb half-dozen, 2019.
  121. ^ Beyer, Gregory (June 19, 2009). "Living in Fresh Meadows Queens: An Outpost of the City, Inside the City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
  122. ^ Brown, Kristen V. (April 23, 2008). "New York real estate: Fresh Meadows". AM New York . Retrieved Baronial 29, 2009.
  123. ^ "Fresh Meadows – DNAinfo.com Crime and Safety Report". www.dnainfo.com. Archived from the original on April 15, 2017. Retrieved October 6, 2016.
  124. ^ "107th Precinct CompStat Report" (PDF). www.nyc.gov. New York City Police Section. Retrieved July 22, 2018.
  125. ^ "FDNY Firehouse Listing – Location of Firehouses and companies". NYC Open Data; Socrata. New York City Fire Department. September 10, 2018. Retrieved March fourteen, 2019.
  126. ^ "Engine Company 299/Ladder Company 152". FDNYtrucks.com . Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  127. ^ "Engine Company 315/Ladder Company 125". FDNYtrucks.com . Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  128. ^ Finkel, Beth (February 27, 2014). "Guide To Queens Hospitals". Queens Tribune. Archived from the original on Feb 4, 2017. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  129. ^ "Utopia, New York City-Queens, New York Zip Lawmaking Boundary Map (NY)". United states Nix Code Boundary Map (USA) . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  130. ^ "Location Details: Fresh Meadows Finance". USPS.com . Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  131. ^ "Location Details: Utopia". USPS.com . Retrieved March vii, 2019.
  132. ^ "Fresh Meadows/Hillcrest – QN 08" (PDF). Furman Center for Real Estate and Urban Policy. 2011. Retrieved October v, 2016.
  133. ^ a b Zillow. "Fresh Meadows New York Schoolhouse Ratings and Reviews". Zillow . Retrieved March four, 2019.
  134. ^ a b Zillow. "Hillcrest New York School Ratings and Reviews". Zillow . Retrieved March four, 2019.
  135. ^ "P.S. Q004". New York City Department of Didactics. December 19, 2018. Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  136. ^ "P.Southward. 026 Rufus King". New York City Department of Education. December 19, 2018. Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  137. ^ "P.S. 154 Queens". New York City Department of Education. Dec 19, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  138. ^ "P.Southward. 173 Fresh Meadows". New York Metropolis Department of Education. December xix, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  139. ^ "P.South./ IS 178 Holliswood". New York City Department of Educational activity. Dec 19, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  140. ^ "P.S. Q255". New York City Section of Education. December xix, 2018. Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  141. ^ "J.H.S. 216 George J. Ryan". New York City Department of Education. Dec nineteen, 2018. Retrieved March 7, 2019.
  142. ^ "Lanza to Open up Ryan School". New York Daily News. September xxx, 1955. p. B3.
  143. ^ "Queens Gateway To Health Sciences Secondary School". New York Metropolis Department of Pedagogy. December 19, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  144. ^ "Queens School of Inquiry, The". New York City Department of Education. December 19, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  145. ^ "Francis Lewis High School". New York City Section of Instruction. December 19, 2018. Retrieved March 27, 2019.
  146. ^ Matsuda, Akiko. "Learning their mother tongue." The Journal News. August sixteen, 2006. p. A1. Retrieved on July 8, 2013. "Atsushi Kaizuka, assistant principal of the Japanese Weekend School of New York, which serves about 800 Japanese or Japanese American students at its Westchester and Long Island schools, said Matthews' attempt seemed to be an uphill battle."
  147. ^ "本校の歩み Archived 2014-01-17 at annal.today." The Japanese School of New York. Retrieved on January 10, 2012. "1975.9.2. Jamaica Queensにて「ニューヨーク日本人学校」開校。" and "1980.12.22 Queens　Ｆlushing校に移転。" and "1991.viii.18. Westchester Yonkers校へ移転。"
  148. ^ Kulers, Brian Grand. (November 12, 1986). "Queens Neighborhoods – Queens Closeup – East Meets West in School For Japanese in America". Newsday. p. 31. ProQuest 285412826.
  149. ^ Pomfret, John. "Old city schoolhouse becomes second abode for Japanese kids." Associated Press at The Daily Telegraph. Thursday September 10, 1987. 30. Retrieved from Google News (30 of 68) on Jan 9, 2012.
  150. ^ "Branch Detailed Info: Fresh Meadows". Queens Public Library . Retrieved March seven, 2019.
  151. ^ "Branch Detailed Info: Hillcrest". Queens Public Library . Retrieved March vii, 2019.
  152. ^ a b c d e f grand h i j yard "Queens Double-decker Map" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2019. Retrieved December one, 2020.
  153. ^ MTA Regional Coach Operations. "Q17 passenger vehicle schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved Feb 10, 2019.
  154. ^ a b c MTA Regional Autobus Operations. "QM7 bus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved Feb x, 2019.
  155. ^ MTA Regional Double-decker Operations. "Q30 bus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  156. ^ MTA Regional Bus Operations. "Q31 bus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  157. ^ MTA Regional Bus Operations. "Q46 omnibus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  158. ^ MTA Regional Bus Operations. "Q76 autobus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved Feb x, 2019.
  159. ^ MTA Regional Charabanc Operations. "Q88 double-decker schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  160. ^ a b MTA Regional Motorbus Operations. "QM1 bus schedule" (PDF) . Retrieved February 10, 2019.
  161. ^ "MTA LIRR - LIRR Map". MTA. January 7, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2019.
  162. ^ "Long Island". The Brooklyn Marriage. June fourteen, 1873. p. 2 – via newspapers.com.
  163. ^ a b c d Seyfried, Vincent F (1963). "The Long Island Rail Route: A Comprehensive History: Part Two: The Flushing, North Shore & Key Railroad". Archived from the original on October 2, 2015. Retrieved July thirteen, 2020.
  164. ^ "Long Island Railroad Abased". The New York Times. May 2, 1879. p. 8. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved Jan 3, 2020 – via newspapers.com.
  165. ^ Raskin, Joseph B. (2013). The Routes Non Taken: A Trip Through New York Metropolis'due south Unbuilt Subway Organisation. New York, New York: Fordham University Printing. p. 253. doi:10.5422/fordham/9780823253692.001.0001. ISBN978-0-82325-369-2.
  166. ^ Levin, Sam (September twenty, 2011). "Quondam Fresh Meadows Lives On In 'Photo Album' Book". Daily News.
  167. ^ Cantor, F.; Davidson, D.L. (2011). Fresh Meadows. Images of America (in Castilian). Arcadia Pub. ISBN978-0-7385-7572-8 . Retrieved January 30, 2019.

External links [edit]

  • "Fresh Meadow Lane, Queens". Forgotten NY.
  • Cantor, Fred; Davidson, Debra L. (October 3, 2011). Fresh Meadows (Images of America). Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0738575728.

aguiaraceis1947.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fresh_Meadows,_Queens

0 Response to "First Black Family to Move in Flushing Hillcrest , Queens N.y. 11366"

Post a Comment

Subscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)

Iklan Atas Artikel

Iklan Tengah Artikel 1

Iklan Tengah Artikel 2

Iklan Bawah Artikel